Community level risk factors for numbers of landmine victims in Chad and Thailand.

STUDY OBJECTIVE To determine commonalities of landmine victim risk factors in two very different countries. DESIGN AND SETTING Data on 249 communities in Chad and 530 in Thailand were collected during 2000-2001 as part of the Global Landmine Survey. Community level variables were analysed in a series of Poisson mixture models with number of landmine victims as the dependent variable. Models developed for each country were tested on the other to investigate similarities and robustness of identification of risk factors. MAIN RESULTS Increased community level risk was associated with population size, closeness to another community with victims, emplacement in the previous two years, blocked water or pasture, and the proximity of unexploded ordnance or anti-tank mines. In Chad, risk factors tended to be more related to identifying communities that had crossed a threshold between near zero and moderate risk; Thailand, factors were more related to increases in victim rates. CONCLUSIONS Current systems of collecting data on community characteristics and landmine victims can provide meaningful risk factor information. Remediation approaches that focus on blockage of important resources and areas of recent, high intensity conflicts may be the most beneficial in reducing the numbers of victims.